Key indicators of ethical challenges in digital healthcare: A combined Delphi exploration and confirmative factor analysis approach with evidence from Khorasan province in Iran

Despite the undoubted benefits of digital healthcare, ethical challenges have become one biggest concerns amongst academic scholars and healthcare experts. extant literature on some these challenges, knowledge gaps still exist in revealing which indicators are more important than others. This research, joining ongoing investigation, aims to explore empirically validate key healthcare. We conduct two studies using a combined exploratory confirmatory approach. apply Delphi method for exploring forecasting first study. The validated second study employing factor analysis survey data. experts 26 medical professionals professors Iran. A sample 210 observations was collected from general hospital staff Our results suggest that there six healthcare: procedure values, responsibility, privacy, autonomy, security, justice. research contributes applying technologies particularly identifying validating challenges. provide practical implications decision-makers current future sector.